Web Survey Bibliography
Statistics producers are increasingly using the web as a mode of data collection. At Statistics Sweden, the web is in self-administered social surveys increasingly offered as an alternative to ordinary mail questionnaires. The motives to offer the web alternative lie in quality and financial considerations such as automated online editing, reduced mailing costs and less scanning work.
Nevertheless, the use of the web as a response mode has been disappointingly low: usually, between 10 and 15 percent of the respondents are using it. A preliminary study of ours indicated that the respondents, when offered to participate in a self-administered survey, are inclined to select the mode that is immediately at hand when the request for participation arrives.
In an attempt to increase the proportion of web respondents, we conducted a large-scale experiment where we varied the delay of providing the paper version of the questionnaire to the respondents. In the standard approach, both the paper questionnaire and the login data for the web survey were included in the first mail-out. In the experiment groups (A1 to A4), the time delay of presenting the paper questionnaire to the respondents was varied, from no delay in A1, to three weeks after the initial mail-out in A4.
The results show that the standard approach had a proportion of web respondents of 14.5%. The proportion of web respondents in the experiment groups varied from 2.6% in A1, over 45.0% and 44.6% in A2 and A3 respectively, and up to 64.7% in A4, thus showing potential for considerable raise of proportion of web respondents.
The alternative approaches seem to have had a minor disturbing effect on the over-all response rates: the standard approach had a 75.7% response while the four experimental groups had 74.8%, 71.4%, 72.0% and 73.3% respectively in A1-A4. (Only two of the differences are statistically significant: S-A2 and S-A3.)
Calculations show that the alternatives A2-A4 could lead to a cost reduction of between 12% and 20% compared to the cost of the standard strategy.
General online research (GOR) 2008 (abstract)
Web survey bibliography (4086)
- Using global online panels; 2008; Pearson, C., Smith, E., Ridlen, R., Zhang, H., Cooper, A
- The quest for on-line quality research; 2008; Rhall, T., Fine, B.
- Visual Design Effects on on Respondents Behaviour in Web-Surveys. A Design Experiment; 2008; Greinoecker, A.
- Effects of Privacy Assurances on the Online Measurement of Psychological Constructs; 2008; Witzki, A., Kramer, J.
- How Web 2.0 Technologies Can Become a Valuable Part of Online Research; 2008; Jaron, R.
- Respondent Authenticity - A biometrical approach to authenticate panelists; 2008; Wachter, B., Bender, C.
- Not Mixed-Mode but Switch-Mode; 2008; Höglinger, M., Abraham, M., Arpagaus, J.
- The Impact of Cognitive and Computer Skills on Data Quality in Computer Assisted Self Administered Questionnaires...; 2008; Brecko, B. N., Vehovar, V.
- Optimal Contact Strategy in a Mail-and-Web Mixed Mode Survey; 2008; Holmberg, A., Lorenc, B., Werner, P.
- 10 Years of Meinungsplatz.de: Success in the Collection of Data for Targeted Audiences, Such as the...; 2008; Weyergraf, O.
- Self-selection in Online Access Panels: No “Little Difference” in the Recruiting Process...; 2008; Wirth, T.
- Mobile Market Research; 2008; Maxl, E.
- Online vs. Offline in Mobile Surveys; 2008; Neubarth, W., Maier, U.
- Gender-of-Interviewer Effects in Video-Enhanced Web Surveys. Results from a Randomized Field-Experiment...; 2008; Fuchs, M.
- The Online Use of Randomized Response Measurements; 2008; Snijders, C., Weesie, J.
- The Influence of Human Cues on Drop-out and Answer Behaviour within Web Surveys; 2008; Oesterlau, T., Geißler, H.
- “For Example…,” How Different Example Types in Online Surveys Influence Frequency...; 2008; Berent, M., Krosnick, J. A.
- How Too Little Can Give You a Little Too Much: Determining the Number of Household Phone Lines in RDD...; 2008; Merkle, D., Langer, G.
- Learning and fatigue during choice experiments: a comparison of online and mail survey modes; 2008; Savage, S. J., Waldman, D. M.
- Avoiding Massive Automated Voting in Internet Polls ; 2008; Basso, A., Miraglia, M.
- Internet surveys; 2008; Vehovar, V., Lozar Manfreda, K., Koren, G.
- Reasons for nonresponse in a web-based survey of alcohol involvement among first-year college students...; 2008; Cranford, J. A., McCabe, S. E., Boyd, C. J., Slayden, J., Reed, M. B., Lange, J. E., Scott, M. S.
- The influence of mobile telephones on telephone surveys; 2008; Kuusela, V., Callegaro, M., Vehovar, V.
- Telephone and Web: Mixed-Mode Challenge ; 2008; Greene, J., Speizer, H., Wiitala, W.
- Fast times and easy questions: the effects of age, experience and question complexity on web survey...; 2008; Yan, T., Tourangeau, R.
- Mixed Methods Sampling; A Typology With Examples; 2007; Teddie, C.; Yu, F.
- Web Application Stress Testing and Blaise IS; 2007; O'Reilly, J. M.
- Analyses of Web Survey Data; 2007; Kuusela, V.
- Cognitive aspects of survey methodology; 2007; Schwarz, N.
- Panel Quality: Tips to Achieve Pure Sample, from Recruitment to Long-Term Engagement; 2007; Fitzgerald, D.
- Non-Response in the Panel Study of Belgian Households (1992-2002): An Output and Process Evaluation; 2007; De Keulenaer, F.
- Sensitive questions in surveys; 2007; Tourangeau, R., Yan, T.
- Webmasters, web policies, and academic libraries: a survey; 2007; Hendricks, A.
- Toward a Definition of Mixed Methods Research; 2007; Johnson, R. B., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Turner, L. A.
- Sample bias, weights and efficiency of weights in a continuous web voluntary survey; 2007; de Pedraza, P., Tijdens, K., de Bustillo, R.
- What is Sexual Harassment? It Depends on Who Asks! Framing Effects on Survey Responses; 2007; Galesic, M., Tourangeau, R.
- Mixing modes of data collection in surveys: A methodological review; 2007; Roberts, C.
- Differences between respondents and nonrespondents in an Internet survey recruited from face-to-face...; 2007; Bandilla, W., Blohm, M., Kaczmirek, L. & Neubarth, W.
- XSight and the shaping of Marketing Analytics; 2007; Birks, D. F.
- Whither statistical metadata?; 2007; Westlake, A.
- Web survey design; 2007; Ma, Q., McCord, M.
- Web survey and representativeness: Close to three in ten Canadians do not have access to the Internet...; 2007; Bourque, C., Lafrance, S.
- Video mediated communication: Implications for surveys; 2007; Anderson, A. H.
- Utopia - a complete research management system; 2007; Brandwood, T.
- Triple-S: The broader horizon; 2007; Wright, Ge.
- The use of seasonal adjustment software within the Office for National Statistics; 2007; Hussain, F., McLaren, C. H., Stuttard, N.
- The Internet audience. Constitution & measurement; 2007; Bermejo, F.
- The influence of advance letters on response in telephone surveys; 2007; de Leeuw, E. D., Callegaro, M., Hox, J., Korendijk, E., Lensvelt-Mulders, G. J.
- The impact of cookie deletion on the accuracy of site-server and ad-server metrics: An empirical comScore...; 2007; Abraham, Ma., Meierhoefer, C., Lipsman, A.
- The challenge of geocoding large-scale travel surveys; 2007; J.Smith, A. J.